http://dspace-su.server.ly:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2014 2026-05-01T12:44:38Z http://dspace-su.server.ly:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2112 Using Reuse of Debris of Damaged Buildings by Armed Conflicts in Libya and Mill Scale Scrap to Produce Sustainable Concrete Faesal Alatshan; Abdelmajeed Altlomate; Muhammad Farooq Ahmed In Libya, recycling of waste materials is not a common practice. The enormous amount of waste resulting from the destruction of the buildings due to the armed conflict, could be witnessed in most parts of the country. This paper aims to present more sustainable and environmental friendly concrete mix design by utilizing some of the locally available debris waste and mill scale scrape. The previous studies carried out in this area favors the possibility of the effective utilization of locally available building debris in concrete mix design. In this research work, two types of sustainable materials (recycled concrete aggregates and steel mill scale) were incorporated to the concrete mix design. Firstly, the recycled concrete aggregates were used as a substitute of natural aggregates in certain proportions (i.e. 10, 30 and 60%). Secondly, steel mill scale was added to the concrete mixture as an alternative to replace a fraction of cement with the following different percentages i.e. 2, 6 and 10%. The behavior of hardened concrete produced using these sustainable alternatives was investigated by performing the compressive strength, flexural strength of concrete and Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests. The resultant mechanical properties of the concrete (produced from incorporating debris waste) found satisfactory which further emphasize on the possibility of reusing debris waste in concrete mix design for construction purposes. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace-su.server.ly:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2110 Influence of Grain Refinement by Al-5Ti-1B on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloy A356 Abdalfattah A. Khalil; Maftah H. Alkathafi; Rafaa M. Esmaael An investigation was carried out to understand the effect of grain refinement on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-alloy A356 by addition of varying weight percentage of Al-5Ti-1B. Grain refinement and modification of α- phase in Al-Si alloys are considered as important task resulting from solidification process. Two different approaches to grain refinement by solidification process have been pursued physically induced and chemically stimulated. The physical relies mainly on the use of external field, such as ultrasonic vibration, while the chemical approach depends primarily on addition of grain refiner, which is the subject of this research work. The effect of grain refiner on the solidification of the A356 alloy was studying and the obtained samples were characterized by optical microscopy. The mechanical properties (σuts, σ0.2 and δ) of the refined A356 alloys were investigated as a function of the addition level of Al-Ti-B master alloy (0, 1, 3,5 wt.%). The results indicated that the primary α- phase aluminium are significantly refined and the microstructures changed from coarse dendrites to fine equiaxed α-Al dendrites, without any change in the morphology of the eutectic Si particles. Additionally, the tensile strength, yield strength and elongation are increased noticeably with addition of grain refinement. The tensile strength, yield strength and elongation of the A356 with 3 wt % grain refine of (Al -5Ti- 1B) are 156.3 MPa, 104.3 MPa and 4.9%, i. e., the percentage of improvement was 12 %, 6 % and 8.9 %, respectively. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace-su.server.ly:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2107 Theoretical Study of Producing Sustainable Electrical Energy via Hydraulic Energy K. Khalifa; M. Bughazem; Imahmed M. Saleh; M. Alghool Over the last decade, the Libyan National Power Grid has significantly suffered from negligence and vandalisms, which led to severe materialistic damage to power generation units, transmission networks, distribution subsystems and power plants fuel shortage. These happen because of the security incidents and armed clashes within the country. This has placed the electrical power grid in a difficult and critical situation leading to a large deficit in meeting the demand for electricity use, therefore consequence to power cuts for long time. However, the Libyan Man-Made River LMMR is considered as the world largest irrigation project, consisting of a large network of pipes that supplies water from Libyan Desert in the south to the coastal areas in the north. This water movement crossing mountains and various land orientations from the south to the north of the country has a huge kinetic energy as a result. This paper is examined the possibility of taking advantage of the water flow energy through the Libyan western mountains to generate energy (producing electricity through water movement) by using an appropriate size of turbine. The work has been theoretically undertaken the opportunity of producing a clean and relatively cheap energy in the area of Abuzian near Tarhuna city. Moreover, the research is based-on realistic currently available data in term of the water flow-rate, the pipe diameter, the area orientations, and the pipeline slopes as well as the dimensions of the existing reservoirs. In summary, this research on the proposed area has suggested the required designs and calculations for selecting a turbine and an appropriate generator. As a result, the research has showed promising potential of producing 39.5 MW of the turbine power output and a net electrical producing energy of 29 MW and the generator overall efficiency is 73% through this area in the west of Libya. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace-su.server.ly:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/2106 Performance Evaluation of Feed Forward Neural and Recurrent Neural On Real System Dataset of Robot Execution Ali.k. Diryag; Nasar A. Ali; kaled M. Legweel This article presents approach based on the artificial neural networks (ANN). It is employed to evaluate of performance real date set of real system. The training and testing dataset used in the experiment consists of forces and torques memorized immediately after the real robot failed in assignment execution. Two types of neural networks (NN) are utilized in order to find best performance method - feed forward neural networks (FFNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN) and an additional evaluation would be to run test sets for each neural network to see how small an error is produced. Moreover, we investigated 24 neural structures implemented in Matlab software. The obtained results confirm that this approach can be successfully applied in this domain. 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z